Taking a Look at Colon Cancer - 1919 Words

Disease Cancer is a disease that develops from uncontrolled cell growth. These cells are capable of invading neighboring or distant parts of the body through the circulatory system. A [benign] tumor, which is sometimes confused with cancer develops from uncontrolled cell growth, but does not spread to other parts of the body. Cancer is a large family of diseases and each one is distinct from the other. Colon cancer, one of the most common cancers in America, usually develops in gladular cells in the large intestine. Symptoms (please do not just list them; describe how a victim feels) Most people do not exhibit any symptoms of colon cancer. But, in late stages of the cancer, one might have bowl related warning signs. One of the biggest warning sign is constant diarrhea or constipation. If a person has constipation, they may also have rectal cramping and bleeding. The bleeding is usually caused by constipation rather than the tumor itself; but some patients have exhibited bloody diarrhea indicating that the tumor may be a source of blood in the stool as well. Blood in the stool can look bright red or dark red. If the stool is normal in consistency then another warning sign can be the shape of the stool. A â€Å"pencil thin† stool is a warning sign of colon cancer. A common symptom of cancer is weight loss, fatigue, and loss of appetite but these are not common enough in colon cancer patients to be used for diagnosing purposes. Another symptom of colon cancer (usually only in stageShow MoreRelatedColon Cancer : A Disease That Can Affect Multiple Areas845 Word s   |  4 PagesCancer, a disease that can affect multiple areas in your body. The colon is one area highly susceptible to Cancer. Characterized by the development of Malignant cells in the lining of the large intestine, (Richard; Teresa; Melinda; Lee) Colon Cancer is currently the third leading cause of death among men and women.(Richard; Teresa; Melinda; Lee) So what is the colon used for? The colon is used for preserving fluids and electrolytes as it moves waste towards the rectum.(CRC) By starting in the colonRead MoreColorectal Cancer : Cancer And Cancer1140 Words   |  5 PagesColorectal cancer, also called colon cancer, is a disease in which cancer cells form in the colon, which is the upper five to six feet of the large bowel, or large intestine. Hereditary factors play a role in colorectal cancer risk, but it can also be caused by outside factors. â€Å"Excluding skin cancer, it is the third most common cancer diagnosed in both men and women in the United States† (American Cancer Society). Colorectal cancer has been known since ancient times, and it is becoming less fatalRead MorePersuasive Essay On Cancer Screening1207 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction A cancer screening is a test or exam that checks for cancer. Your health care provider will recommend specific cancer screenings based on your age, personal history, and family history of cancer. Work with your health care provider to create a cancer screening schedule that protects your health. Why is cancer screening done? Cancer screenings is done to look for cancer in the very early stages, before it spreads and becomes harder to treat and before you would start to see symptoms.Read MoreChildhood Obesity : A Global Epidemic1474 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom 6% in 1973 to 31% in 2009 (3). In children, obesity is defined as a child’s height and weight being at or over the 95th percentile (1). Childhood obesity can lead to a large amount of adverse consequences, including: low self-esteem, asthma, cancer, premature mortality, and type 2 diabetes (3). Once thought to be a disease that only affected adults who were overweight or obese a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes has become increasingly common in school-age children (3). In the past, school-age childrenRead MorePathological Correlation Report- Jack s Case3052 Words   |  13 Pagescolonic source. The cause of the bleed as well as other symptoms displayed may be as a result of several conditions such as Crohn’s disease, haemorrhoids, anal fis sure, polyps, cancer, stomach and duodenal ulcers/peptic ulcer, gut infections which may cause bloody diarrhoea, angiodysplasia e.t.c. (). However, further look into the family history shows that his grandfather died from colonic carcinoma at the age of 45. This narrows down the possibilities of other diseases and leaves the GP worryingRead MoreThe Impact Of Trust By Steven Covey1436 Words   |  6 Pagesto it (Schoorman, Mayer, and Davis, 2016). Tinsley continued to say how we learn trust though our environment and the people around us (Schoorman, Mayer, and Davis, 2016). In order to trust, you need to have a will to trust someone. â€Å"Trust is not taking risk per se, but rather it is willingness to take a risk (Eikeland, 2013).† This quote cannot be more accurate. Trusting someone is a risky thing to do. Michel Foucault backs this quote up by connecting trust to danger (Eikeland, 2013). Foucault continuesRead MoreCancer Research Paper5050 Words   |  21 PagesCancer: S ilent Killer By: Wynne Michael David S. Gogo Submitted to: Ms. Katrina Q. Sundo Abstract Cancer nowadays is very widespread. But what is cancer? Cancer, known medically as a malignant neoplasm, is a large group of different diseases, all involving unregulated cell growth. In cancer, cells divide and grow uncontrollably, forming malignant tumors, and invade nearby parts of the body. The cancer may also spread toRead MoreBirth Defects And Its Effects On Society1441 Words   |  6 Pagesgo meals can cause cancer. The polyurethane itself causes no harm, however when it reacts with the moisture that is in the food, causing aromatic amines to form, which can cause extreme amounts of harm. When scientists tested the amine levels they discovered that they were up to one hundred times the official safety limits. (Corbett)Polyurethane laminating, an adhesive for flexible packaging is easy and cheap to use as a sealant for food packaging. However, it can cause cancer if it react to theRead MoreHow The Risk Of Cancer1314 Words   |  6 PagesHow to Reduce the Risk of Cancer By Richard A Foster | Submitted On May 15, 2012 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter 1 Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg 1 Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Science has made some incredible discoveries and breakthroughs in the last centuryRead MoreVegetarian Diets Are Considered As Healthy Diets1180 Words   |  5 Pagesnecessary to know that when you have the different choices to eat then you can easily find nutritious and healthy diet. In the field of nutritious diet some experts says that if you add the vegetarian diet in your diet chart then it mean that you are taking nutritious food. But on the other hand if you are only meat taker then it is difficult to have the complete nutritious health because all type meat is almost same regarding the nutrition. So there is no variation regarding the health construction

Analysis Of Plato s The Crito - 980 Words

Title In Plato’s work, The Crito, he explores one of the last day of Socrates’ life as he is found sleeping in a prison cell by one of his closes friends, Crito. Crito is emotionally crippled at the thought of the loss of his friend, and is passionately trying to convince him to escape or run away and avoid his future death set by the court. As stubborn as Socrates is, he believes for many reasons that escaping is neither the just or devout thing to do in his situation. He provides many points and explanations to his reasoning, stressing some of the most important ones, while at the same time having Crito explain many values that were important to his people during his time. Socrates lays out the fundamentals of what he means to be alive and accept his death and challenges Crito to see his reasoning. Socrates never directly tells Crito that he is wrong, but he forces and asserts his point of mind to Crito. Crito begins his argument by explaining how despairing his famil y and friends will have when Socrates accepts his sentence. He also states that people will think scarcely of him for not convincing Socrates to run away or prevent his fate and doing nothing about it. Crito goes on to explain to Socrates that he should not be worried about the fact that his friends and family is helping him escape his fate by paying money and using other resources to help him get out of jail, for Crito believes that a small amount of money is not the same as losing a dear friend thatShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Plato s Apology And Crito Essay1857 Words   |  8 Pages Final Paper The word â€Å"philosophy† can be defined as someone’s theory as to how one should live their life. For Socrates, in Plato’s Apology and Crito, the concept of the human soul drives the actions in which he lives his life. His view of the purpose for one’s actions differs from that of his fellow Athenians, who viewed physical pleasures – money, status, power – as the most important objectives in life. Within his own argument to the Athenian jury against the importance of bodily pleasuresRead MoreAn Analysis of Jacques Louis The Death of Socrates1047 Words   |  4 Pagesbackground, the philosophers wife unable to see his torment leaves the scene. Only, Socrates closest students remain: Plato at the foot of the bed, and Crito grasping his maters knee. The movements of the energetic Socrates and his swooning disciples are contrasted by light and darkness. The nobility and idealism of Socrates becomes the center of the picture. *values analysis: To know something about the values, one needs to research history of artist and his intention for drawing this. TheRead MoreWhat is the purpose of the ‚Äà ²speech of the laws‚Äà ´, in Plato‚Äà ´s Crito? How is it related to Crito‚Äà ´s political opinions and preferences as expressed in this dialogue?2082 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿PH207 Patrick McKeon 11339276 Amos Edelheit What is the purpose of the ‘speech of the laws’, in Plato’s Crito? How is it related to Crito’s political opinions and preferences as expressed in this dialogue? Introduction In the following essay I will be discussing the purpose of the speech of laws in Plato’s Crito. I will also be discussing its relation to Crito’s political opinions and preferences as expressed in the dialogue. I will be focussing on the purpose of the speech of laws. In myRead MoreSocrates Summary2196 Words   |  9 Pagesengaging his fellow citizens in philosophical discussions and urging them to greater self-analysis. Socrates s iconoclastic attitude didn t sit well with everyone, and at age 70 he was charged with heresy and corruption of local youth. Convicted, he carried out the death sentence by drinking hemlock, becoming one of history s earliest martyrs of conscience. There was a strong religious side to Socrates s character and thought which constantly revealed itself in spite of his penchant for exposingRead MoreWhat Are The Charges Against Socrates?1019 Words   |  5 Pageshas been conserved of Socrates defense of himself as it was presented before the Athenian Council. It is in essential agreement with the references to the trial that occur in Plato s other dialogs. We may determine that Apology is not written by Socrates and only contains the words of Socrates that were memorized by Plato, since he was present at the time of the trial. However, we know that Socrates was Plato’s teacher and had been admired by him a lot. We should bear in mind that Plato’s viewsRead MoreThe Trial of Socrates: an Analysis and Construction of Socrates Defense2369 Words   |  10 PagesThe Trial of Socrates: An Analysis and Construction of Socrates Defense Understanding the decisions made by the jurymen in Socrates trial will always be a mystery, but one can perceive why some would have voted the way that they did. Politically and historically Athens was a thriving place of innovation and philosophical advancements. Athens could very well be divided, morally on various aspects, one of them being which â€Å"political† affiliation Athenians related themselves with. Some choicesRead MoreThucydide vs Plato on The Good Life Essay1927 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿ Thucydides Versus Plato: Differing Views of the Good Life What is the true nature of the Good Life? Is it living life with concern for only oneself despite the possible consequences of ones action on others? Or might it involve self-sacrifice in effort to do what one feels is right or just? Is it descriptive, or perhaps prescriptive? Two prominent Greeks, Thucydides and Plato, began providing answers to these questions over 25 centuries ago as they analyzed and wrote critically aboutRead MoreGreek Philosophers Bible On The Ancient World And English I2969 Words   |  12 Pages Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle s early lives affected their careers and Greek society, and their deaths and works of literature affected today s society. Socrates started out as a stone mason who eventually devoted most of his time to philosophy. Socrates works of literature reflect his world views and opinions. These opinions had a fatal consequence; he was persecuted for corrupting the youth of Athens. Socrates was Plato s teacher and instructor. Plato used his works of literatureRead MoreCarrie Buck1501 Words   |  7 PagesAn Analysis on Stephan Jay Gould Buck versus Bell 274 U.S. 2000 (1927) was the United States Supreme Court ruling that upheld a statue instituting compulsory sterilization of the unfit, including the mentally retarded â€Å"for the protection and health of the state.† (Holmes) It was largely seen as an endorsement of negative eugenics which is the attempt of science to improve the human race by eliminating â€Å"defectives† from the gene pool. (Elof) Paul Lombardo argues (in N.Y.U. Law Review, AprilRead MoreStrengths And Weaknesses Of Socrates1663 Words   |  7 Pagesaspx?direct=truedb=nlebkAN=342413site=ehost-live. Accessed 21 July 2017. Lane, M. S. Plato s Progeny : How Plato and Socrates Still Captivate the Modern Mind. London, Bloomsbury Academic, 2001. EBook Collection, search.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.roanestate.edu/login.aspx?direct=truedb=nlebkAN=947252site=ehost-live. Accessed 21 July 2017. Weiss, Roslyn. Socrates Dissatisfied : An Analysis of Plato s Crito. New York, Oxford University Press, 1998. EBook Collection, search.ebscohost.com.ezproxy

The Concept Of Organizational Structure - 1428 Words

This week in class we went over the concept of organizational structure, which to my understanding is the level of hierarchies, the division of departments and the communication across these hierarchies and departments within organizations. In terms of ensuring communication the structure includes a control system to ensure information flows through vertical and horizontal information linkages. The idea of information and control systems are components of organization design. This new learned knowledge helps with the development of my first goal as it is another component of organizational design, allowing me to actually apply it. For example, drawing back to my organization experience with Continental Grand Buffet, the information flowed through a horizontal structure and linkage. This is because there was less stress on hierarchies within the restaurant. We also had greater horizontal communication, in other words we communicated face to face, whether it was the manager with the ho stess, the servers, the chefs and even the owners. In addition, we often shared tasks, where just because I was a hostess I could not go and assist or train one of the servers, and this empowerment that existed within the restaurant reflects that horizontal information linkage, where we had greater unity and information and communication travelled through the many different ‘divisions’. This week before the lecture, our team for the organization project met up to create our team contract, asShow MoreRelatedFred Meyer Organizational Structure Essay1235 Words   |  5 Pages The Process of Fred Meyer’s Organizational Structure Selection MGT230 January 29, 2013 The Process of Fred Meyer’s Organizational Structure Selection Introduction According to Bateman and Snell, â€Å"Two fundamental concepts around which organizations are structured are differentiation and integration† (2011, pg. 227). Differentiation refers to the different units that work on different kinds of tasks with the use of different skills and work methods inRead MoreOrganizational Structure1183 Words   |  5 PagesStructure Pg. 1 Running Head: ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Organizational Structure By Marlene Seratt AIU MGT322-0702A-05 Concepts in Organizational Behavior Instructor Lionel de Souza Unit 4 Due: 05/26/2007 Structure Pg. 2 Introduction In this paper we will be talking about organizational structure and cultures, and what strategies Ken Dailey will have to consider as he starts buildingRead MorePfizer Case Study1484 Words   |  6 Pagespercent to 80 Percent on knowledge work (strategy, innovation, networking, collaborating, critical Thinking. That’s why Pfizer starting to find a solution of this problem to increase their Efficiency and effectiveness. Pfizer build a new kind of structure by using Microsoft Outlook where their connecting to a outsourcing company where Pfizer can connect with Different worker by email where they can connect with any worker around world and get Cost specification for their requested work. By using thisRead MoreOrganizational Design Is Defined As A Guided Process That Integrates People, Information And Technology Of An Organization1075 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational design is defined as a guided process that integrates people, information and technology of an organization (Carpenter et al., 2014). In an era where organizations are constantly competing to be the best, decisions on organizational design are vital to achieve overall performance. This is evident from the studies by Child (2005) which suggest that the strength of organizational structure increases efficiency. This essay will explore the classical and contingency theories and criticallyRead MoreOrganizational Culture And Its Functions863 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTION Organizational culture involves systems of beliefs and values that guide the behavior of individuals within the organization and how they shape behavior (Kummerow, 2013). Organizational structures, on the other hand, dictate the assignment, coordination and control of roles and responsibilities to achieve organizational goals (Pathak 2011). For a company to perform effectively it needs to grow, organizational development is one element of growth that focuses on practice an research focusedRead MoreOrganizational Structure Essay1589 Words   |  7 PagesOrganizational Structure Introduction In this paper we will be talking about organizational structure and cultures, and what strategies Ken Dailey will have to consider as he starts building on the team concept in the company. We will also talk about how to keep Green River moving forward in the facility and organizing the planning to make them successful. Organizational Structure Organizational structure is a formal relationship between management and the employees. It is a way to motivateRead MorePfizer Case Study1500 Words   |  6 Pagespercent to 80 Percent on knowledge work (strategy, innovation, networking, collaborating, critical Thinking. That’s why Pfizer starting to find a solution of this problem to increase their Efficiency and effectiveness. Pfizer build a new kind of structure by using Microsoft Outlook where their connecting to a outsourcing company where Pfizer can connect with Different worker by email where they can connect with any worker around world and get Cost specification for their requested work. By using thisRead MoreStrategic Analysis Of Pfizers Strategic Analysis1257 Words   |  6 Pagesincludes the following sections. First, the major concepts related to strategy implementation will be defined. Second, those concepts will be applied to the case of Pfizer in order to analyze its corporate governance, organizational st ructure and strategic leadership. The analysis of Pfizer will be followed by its evaluation to identify the major problem the company is facing and propose a solution. A short conclusion will close the report. 2. CONCEPTS All organizations have to establish managementRead MoreOrganizational Structure And Management Process Essay1630 Words   |  7 Pagesaspects of any organization is its structure and its management process. The success of any firm is directly related to how well it is organized and how effective it s managed. Organizational structure and management processes are interrelated and they provide a gauge as to how effective an overall business strategy is implemented. The measure of success in any business is how effectively it can compete in finding new opportunities and having the internal structure necessary to compete in differentRead MoreMechanistic and Organic Art754 Words   |  3 Pagesreflect principles of business and organizational structures just as much as it can parallel other aspects of our lives. In this examination, it is clear that Albert Maruqet and later Edward Hoppers embody a mechanistic tone, with Henri Matisse presenting a more unique and organic tone to the i mages explored. Mechanistic structure is often more associated with a stricter hierarchy. Also known as a bureaucratic structure, it describes an organizational structure that is based on a formal, centralized

Louisiana Purchase free essay sample

At this point in time Napoleons dream would never come true because France was almost always at war. They din t have enough troops to go over to America and guard the Louisiana territory. Even though the Spanish held the city of New Orleans and the Mississippi River, the United States was still given shipping privileges through the cities port by the Treaty of San Lorenz. The New Orleans port was used regularly by American shippers until 1 802, when France reacquired the Louisiana Territory and halted United States traffic wrought the port. At the time the ruler of France was the notorious Napoleon Bonaparte, who was building France into an unstoppable super-power. In October 1 802 Napoleon had invaded Spain, forcing the Spanish King Charles IV to sign a decree transferring the Louisiana territory from Spain to France. This transfer in land occurred abruptly and secretly resulting in a panic for American shippers who relied on New Orleans port. President Jefferson realizing the importance of the port immediately sent envoys to France to discuss negotiations for purchasing the city of New Orleans, but when the American envoys arrived at Paris in April 12, 1803, Napoleon had an entirely different offer for them.Initially, Napoleon had dreams of a vast empire in Europe and North America, but had second thoughts after a slave rebellion and yellow fever had defeated one of his French armies in the colony of Saint Dominion. This colony in present day Haiti was a vital trade center due to its production of the valuable resource sugar, but with the slaves rebelling Napoleon believed the colony was useless. Also, Napoleon was involved with expensive Eur opean wars and could not possibly spare anymore time or sources to the colony of Saint Dominion or even the Louisiana territory.This rebellion and the desperate need for money resulted in Napoleon to abandon his dream and to offer the American envoys not only New Orleans, but the entire Louisiana territory. The envoys negotiated until the end of April until they finally agreed to purchase the Louisiana territory for $1 5 million or around $25 million today. The land was purchased for about a couple cents an acre, when at the time an acre was sold for around three dollars. Washington D. C. Received an official message July 4, 1 803 declaring the arches, and after several months the agreement was ratified October 20th by the Senate.When the final formal transfer took place December 20, 1 803, and the United States flag was raised over New Orleans, the nation had begun a new chapter in its history. The Louisiana Purchase had an great effect on the United States European foreign policy before the territory exchange and after. Although, Britain and France were not at war during the time of the purchase, war between the two was inevitable and the result over the Louisiana Purchase directly influenced he United States to not side with Great Britain in the conflict.President Jefferson was convinced that when France first occupied the Louisiana territory that the United States would be forced to fight to obtain New Orleans, possibly even allying with Britain. According to Jefferson the day that France takes possession of New Orleans, we must marry ourselves to the British fleet and nation (Louisiana Purchase 1). This quote by Jefferson not only displays the importance of the New Orleans port but shows how the United States was considering allying with Britain. It is almost certain that ifNapoleon and the united States did not agree on the Louisiana Purchase, that the United States would have assisted Britain in defeating Napoleon, improving the relations between the Ignited States and Britain. Also, if the un ited States and Britain allied, then the future trade blockade on Europe by the British Royal Navy to hinder France would never increase tensions between Britain and the Elicited States. Since this blockade was a major cause for the united States and Britain to go to war during the War of 181 2, it is almost certain that the United States and Britain could have avoided the inflict. The War of 1812 is known as the Elicited States second war for independence and without the bloody war American history would be completely different Without a doubt the Louisiana Purchase had an effect on the united States European foreign policy. Not only did the Louisiana Purchase have an effect on the United States foreign policy, but also resulted in several issues to arrive domestically. One major issue was incorporating the huge territory into the United States. Most of the territory had not been explored or surveyed and the only part of theLouisiana Purchase with a significant non-Lillian population in 1 803 was the region around New Orleans (Fonder 305). When Jefferson endorsed the expedition Of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to survey the unexplored land, the explorers found the purchased land heavily populated with Native American tribes. Also, the Native Americans currently living on the territory were already accustomed to trading with Europeans, and were extremely c omfortable in their surroundings. Almost all of the Native Americans inhabited in the territory were not aware that the United States, let aloneFrance or Spain, had claims to their land. This posed an enormous dilemma for Jefferson and the federal government since soon a decision would have to be made regarding the natives. Originally Jefferson had a view of assimilating the Native Americans, or literally reeducating Native Americans to accept western culture and beliefs. Jefferson believed that Native Americans were merely just a less civilized culture and with the correct educating they could effectively participate in the United States government. Few tribes would agree but for Indian tribes who refused to cooperate in civilizing themselves .Jefferson had favored [their] removal beyond the Mississippi River (Fonder 309). Some tribes agreed to assimilation or to sell their land, but mainly the Louisiana Purchase would influence decades of conflict between Native Americans and the United States until the United States literally forced tribes to relocate west. Military force was commonly used against tribes who refused to relocate and the last of the resistance by I ndians came in 1 832 when the Auk lead Black Hawk had attempted to reclaim some of this tribes lost land. After this resistance the majority of tribes were forced to relocate est..In conclusion the Louisiana Purchase was the greatest real estate purchase in American history and influenced the United States foreign and domestic policies immensely. Today six states were formed in their entirety from the territory including: Arkansas, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, and Oklahoma. Also, the area included most of the states of Colorado, Louisiana, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming and sections of New Mexico and Texas. Without the purchase with France, the United States would not only be half the size, but possibly could have avoided AR with Britain or started a war with France.The United States now possessed double the amount of natural resources and farmland, and had control over the vital Mississippi River and the New Orleans port, allowing the young nation to grow economically. The purchase not only influenced the future of the United States, but also the Native Americans whose land was purchased without their permission, forcing the tribes to relocate. Although the Louisiana Purchase is not studied nearly as much as it should be in American history, it undoubtedly shaped the present United States both satirically and geographically.

Art and Religion in Traditional African Society Essay Example

Art and Religion in Traditional African Society Essay Example Art and Religion in Traditional African Society Essay Art and Religion in Traditional African Society Essay Art and Religion in Traditional African Society Throughout the world, changes in peopleâ„ ¢s lives are marked by important events, ceremonies and celebrations. Whether they are called confirmation, communion, graduation, birthdays, initiations or funerals, certain amount of rituals that characterized there activities and make them special are integrated. In Africa, these special activities or rituals constitute an important aspect of a rich socio-cultural and religious life of the people, and are expressed through various artistic means. Every stage of their lives, traditional Africans adhere to certain values, attitudes and thoughts which are products of their past experiences in relation to the environment and forces within and without, with a strong believe that the universe is given life by spirits that inhibit the fields they farm, the cloud that brings rainfall, the rivers from which they gather fishes and the wilderness where they hunt wild animals and build settlements. Given the existence of these spirituals, ways are sought to contact, to communicate and control their powers, thus, they engage in constant and faithful rituals, sacrifices and worship. In most cases, art, whether through performances or tangible objects, becomes the medium and point of contact. Notable among these manifestations of invisible spirits in tangible forms such as carved wood or stones (sculpture), is the power figure called Nkisi, from kongo. It embodies a spiritual force that is to be placed in a container and placed on the abdomen to wade away evil. To the Yoruba of Nigeria, the Geledeâ„ ¢ mask, gives identity and personality to the otherwise abstract and intangible spirits of their ancestors. The Ife people of Nigeria made ceremonial busts of their rulers, who were called Oni, to commemorate the reign of their leaders. The Isangui people from Gabon, produced wooden masks used also in ceremonies for a particular village meant to represent the spirits of all the deceased female ancestors of the village. These representations in mysterious and uncanny forms by the African artist, offers a means through which the emerging forces nature and the power of magic are expressed, thereby evoking an effective source for the spiritual embodiment and stability which provides religion with purpose and meaning, helping people to understand and cope with circumstances and occasionally explains the misfortune and other unexpected events of life. Granted, the traditional belief system that form the basis on which art in Africa is produced, expresses a respect for a universal life force which cannot be contacted directly, except through mediums that serves as intermediaries, these mediums are carved, built or arranged by a special and sacred few. Whether they are the Chiraraâ„ ¢ mask of Bambara meant to appease the spirits of agriculture or the Bundu mask of the Mende society, meant for initiation rites, the symbols, masks and figures of traditional Africa are imbued with power to mediate fertility, wealth, health, and divination. Where these traditional customs flourished, a continuity of the sacred order is sustained through initiations, sacrifices and worship, as seen in the Poroâ„ ¢ society of sierra-Leone and the Ifaâ„ ¢ worship of Oshogbo, Nigeria. The mystical characters encountered in these societies provides only but a surface penetration into their meanings and values. Although the bulk of traditional African art is centered on religions inspiration, yet, there are those whose excellent forms hold no religions significance whatever, such as the Ashanti gold weights, Dahomean brass and appliqueâ„ ¢ cloths, Yoruba house-post and the Cameroon pipe bowls. However, African religions vary in their emphasis, but all include some worship of nature-duties, the recognition of the power of the ancestors, the belief in an ability to foretell the future, and in the efficacy of magic. In the eastern part of the continent, family cults seem to have primacy, while in the western potion; gods who represent the forces of nature are most prominent. Yet both beliefs are found everywhere in Africa, even in the simple cultures of the extreme south. The custodians of these deities, divinations and ancestral figures are specialist whose techniques, shrines and methods very widely. Oracles that are consulted to reward good and punish evil, magic that creates confidence and hope or dispels fear is ubiquitous and finds its expression in the charm, which is wrongly and ignorantly seen us evil because of its fetishâ„ ¢ connotation â€Å" a term derived from Portuguese feiticoâ„ ¢, meaning, things madeâ„ ¢, and from this again the misnomer for the re ligion of certain parts of Africa, fetichism. Furthermore, the esthetic drive and religions expressions of art in Africa is not only rendered or restricted to two and three-dimensional forms of expressions, but are also found in music, dance and storytelling. Everywhere, song and dance contributes immensely to worship. Singing takes the fundamental form of antiphony between leader and chorus, while the drum is sometimes the sole and always the principal instrument played to accompany song. The dance beat known in its ritual forms, is based on great ingenuity in execution of complicated steps and bodily movement, depicting spirituality, victory or quest as in the case of the Chiwaraâ„ ¢ dance, Bambara, Mali. Dancing is the supreme expression of worship in every traditional African religion. African folklore includes myth, tale, proverbs and riddle which are closely integrated into the life of the people, and which are striking in their unity over the continent. Then myths explain the nature of the world and the forces that rule it, thus, sanctioning social structures and the ancestral cults by the account they provide of group origins and early clan adventure. By reference to sacred tales, priest derived authority, ritual force and magical power. The myth of Faâ„ ¢ a being with sixteen eyes as told in the Dahomean folklore, is of important reference on this point. The general belief that African art is a result of inspiration cannot be overemphasized following the treads and development of the African civilizations. Religion is an important part of the cultures that make up the vast African communities, and is interrelated with other facets of life far more intimately than among humans. Thus, the supernatural world is part o the workaday round, to be met without fear and with full knowledge that for every ill there is a remedy, for every problem a specialist who can help with a solution and for every awe, a call for reverence. As such, religion becomes immediate to life, not removed from it; a fully functioning part of universe that encompasses both the living and the dead with a system of that is strong and sure because, for the traditional African, each day of his life is a fulfillment of the pragmatic test to which he continuously experience. REFERENCES M. Hershovits The Background of African Art (University Microfilms international, London 1978) The language of African Art: A Bicentennial Exhibition From Museum of African art 1976 â€Å" 1978 (Davis) Vogel, Susan M. Anesthetics of African Art (The Centre for African art, New York: 1986) Berman, Esme (1993), Bermanâ„ ¢s Art and Artists of Africa, in Charda Jacqueline, 2006, African Art and Architecture, Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2005. Christopher Roy (1999), Art and Life in Africa. www.uiowa.edu/africat. Willet, Frank (2003), African Art: An introduction. 3rd Ed. Thames and Hudson.

Role of Government in Capitalism Essay Example

Role of Government in Capitalism Essay Example Role of Government in Capitalism Paper Role of Government in Capitalism Paper Free market capitalism is a system of  economics  that minimizes government intervention and maximizes the role of the  market. A free market economy is based on supply and demand with little or no government control. A completely free market is an idealized form of a market economy where buyers and sellers are allowed to transact freely (i. e. buy/sell/trade) based on a mutual agreement on price without state intervention in the form of taxes, subsidies or regulation. Government  regulations, trade barriers, and labor laws are generally thought to distort the market. In practice, no country or jurisdiction has a completely free market. How Much Government is needed in the free capitalism arena? Should we expand our faith in free market capitalism, or do we need government intervention in each and every aspect of business economy? The role of government just considered is to do something that the market cannot do for itself, namely, to determine, arbitrate, and enforce the rules of the game. Railroads, Parks, Highways are an excellent example. A good society requires that its members agree on the general conditions that will govern relations among them. The basic roles of government in a free society is to provide a means whereby we can modify the rules, to mediate differences among us on the meaning of the rules, and to enforce compliance with the rules. According to Adam Smith, self-interest (not selfishness), property rights and division of labor are three important interrelated pillars of economic growth. Some of the market values include the below and the failure can happen if we miss any of the below qualities. * Discipline * Honesty and trustworthiness * Tolerance * Cooperation * Courtesy * Enterprise * Responsibility Market failure occurs due to many reasons. Some of those reasons are: * Monopoly power * When producers do not fully bear total costs of products or are unable to capture all benefits of producing products. * When there is a common property resource. Common property is nobodys property, hence the property is misused. * Lack of information, misinformation or asymmetry of information. * Risk and/or uncertainty * Economic Bubbles * Environmental Pollution. * Exploitation of Workers. * Unsafe and Ineffective Products. * Corporate Fraud and Theft. * Neglect of Public Goods. * Neglect of Social and Public Investments. * Hidden Information. * Inability to Plan. Boom and Bust Cycles. * Lack of Markets. * Poverty and Economic Inequality. * Lack of Opportunity and Economic Mobility. There are a host of other areas where free markets will not work efficiently and promote public welfare without some government intervention. For example, areas of product safety, workplace safety, airwaves allocation, oil and gas exploration. Therefore gov ernment intervention is essential for the working of free and competitive markets. Role of a government in a market economy should: * Provide a legal system to make and enforce laws and to protect private property rights. Provide public goods that individuals or private businesses would not provide. * Correct market failures such as external costs and economic slowdown (unemployment) * Maintain competition by regulating monopolies * Stabilize the economy by reducing unemployment and inflation and promoting economic growth. We can give two great examples where government intervention is needed 2001 dot. com bubble and subprime mortgage crisis. For 2001 . com bubble, government has to step in and put some regulations in the market to curb the crisis. In late 2008 US financial markets seemed near collapse. The financial community’s near collapse had been most directly ignited by the subprime mortgage crisis; a situation in which the nation’s housing bubble burst and millions of Americans were no longer able to pay their home mortgages. Lending had essentially frozen. A great name in banking, Lehman Brothers, went bankrupt while Wall Street powers Bear Stearns and Merrill Lynch, facing failure, were sold. One estimate is that the total Federal Reserve aid package, at its peak, reached $3. 3 trillion. Through its Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) and other initiatives, the government assisted companies considered â€Å"too big to fail. The government undertook various stimulative measures including tax breaks, bond sales, and direct injections of federal money to prop up the badly faltering economy. In a centerpiece of the stimulus effort, about $800 billion was spent on such projects as road construction, extension of unemployment benefits, help to states in meeting Me dicaid costs, and high-speed rail transportation. National unemployment was in the 10 percent range, and the government decided to use all of its powers to quickly build jobs and otherwise rescue the economy to avert a total crash. Some of the government programs might put the country in more and more debt situation and for example cash for first-time homeowners, cash for clunkers, payroll tax reductions a year at a time, Obama Care, subsidies for electric vehicles, cash for investments in green energy, taxes on medical devices, a Fed that now is not just managing inflation, but also trying to improve the economy through artificially low interest rates over a very long period of time and a major increase in new regulations. All of these interventions have impacts on the costs of products and services, prices of those products and services. Even biggest democratic countries like India are planning to privatize lot of government sectors for example trash, transportation. The government currently ties a noose around the neck of the free market in a multitude of ways. It has rules and regulations, favors to special interest groups, currency debasement by inflating the money supply etc. , All these things disrupt the free market. There is no doubt that government alone cannot make an economy work for the betterment of all its citizens. It does need to partner with a  progressive  private sector to make that happen. Limited government and show the presence wherever needed, makes government the strongest ally in the business world and we can create a better business together. References: http://books. cat-v. org/economics/capitalism-and-freedom/chapter_02 http://highered. mcgraw-hill. com/sites/dl/free/0073525006/928301/McAdams_10e_Chapter_1. pdf governmentisgood. com/articles. php? aid=13;print=1

American Imperialism in the Philippines (1903) and Mary H. Fulton, On Term Paper

American Imperialism in the Philippines (1903) and Mary H. Fulton, On Christian Missionaries. Document analysis - Term Paper Example First, both documents reflect a common drive to conform to gender expectations. On the one hand, in the document â€Å"American Imperialism in the Philippines,† the attitude of President William McKinley in defending the colonization of the Philippines is plain machismo and ego in action. McKinley said, â€Å"That we could not give them back to Spain -- that would be cowardly and dishonorable.† Refusing to get the booty of war is in fact an honorable thing to do, especially when the booty which McKinley says â€Å"had dropped into our laps† has been fighting its own war against the Spanish regime for years already. Insofar as the Filipinos are concerned, when the Americans came, they were already winning. They won the fight against the Spaniards; they were not rescued by the Americans. â€Å"The Filipinos had also declared their independence and established a republic under the first democratic constitution ever known in Asia. Their dreams of independence were crushed when the Philippines were transferred from Spain to the United States in the Treaty of Paris (1898), which closed the Spanish-American War.† (Philippine History)... Gender dictates that the male sex is courageous, brave and honorable. And to colonize the Philippines is what an honorable and courageous man would do. On the other hand, Mary H. Fulton writes of the Chinese women, â€Å"Then they notice my clean, short finger nails, and contrast them with their long ones,—often a finger in length,— which indicate that they are ladies of leisure.† Again, this is the work of gender and the need to conform. Chinese women go through the inconvenience of unnecessarily long finger nails and the pain of bound feet all in the name of femininity and pride. Chinese tradition regards the lotus feet and long finger nails as signs of a good woman because its makes them the epitome of affluence and good fortune. It means that they can afford to pay for people to do the chores for them and even carry them on their backs. The men in America celebrate while the women in China suffer all in the name of conformity with their prescribed gender role s. Another human trait common to both documents is the belief in God. Broadly speaking, all man regardless of creed or religion believes in the existence of a supreme being. Even the self-confessed atheists have something that rules over their lives and to whom they turn to in times of need. To the believer, this God could be Jesus Christ, Allah, Yahweh, the Roman and Greek Gods or the pagan’s ancestors’ spirits. To the non-believer, this could be himself for it can be argued that if he does not believe in a god that rules over man, therefore he rules over himself and he is his own god. McKinley admitted to have acquired the wisdom on what to do with the Philippines after he knelt down and prayed to God for guidance and enlightenment: â€Å"I am not ashamed to tell